To watch in YouTube: Click Here
1.
What are implicit wait and explicit wait in
Selenium ?
Implicit wait :
It is a wait in selenium which once
created, applies to all the elements. That is why it is also called global
wait. It waits until the given time limit before throwing exception, "No
Such Element Exception". If the element is found before the time limit
then it moves on ignoring the remaining time of the given time limit. The
default wait time is 0 second.
An example of explicit wait is as below, in
this example, the wait time limit is 10 seconds :
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Explicit wait:
This wait does not apply to all the
elements unlike implicit wait. This wait waits for the condition such as
“presence of element located by”, “visibility of element located by”. This also
waits until the given time limit for the condition before throwing exception.
If the condition is met before the time limit then it moves on ignoring the
remaining time of the given time limit.
WebDriverWait wait = new
WebDriverWait(driver,10);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("xpath")));
2.
What is difference between navigate and get ?
“get” is used for opening a webpage in a
browser.
“navigate” is used for multiple purposes.
Examples:
driver.get(“https://www.technicalpage.net”);
=> this will open the webpage.
driver.navigate.to(“https://www.technicalpage.net”); => this will open the
webpage.
driver.navigate.refresh(); => this will refresh
the current web page.
driver.navigate.forward(); => this will take
you to the next page which comes when you click forward icon on the browser
window.
driver.navigate.back();=> this will take you to
the next page which comes when you click back icon on the browser window.
3.
How you handle multiple tabs in Selenium ?
To get the current tab we use
driver.getWindowHandle()
But for more than one tabs, we use,
Driver.getWindowHandles() command. This
will return a set of string elements as below:
Set<String> tabs =
driver.getWindowHandles();
Then we use “iterator” to switch to each of
the tabs as below:
Iterator<String> it = tabs.iterator();
String tab1 = it.next();
String tab2 = it.next();
driver.switchTo().window(tab1);
driver.switchTo().window(tab2);
and at the end of the testing , we close
all the tabs by using below command:
driver.quit();
4.
What is the difference between the interface and
abstract class ?
ToTo watch in Youtube: What are the difference between an Interface and an Abstract Class?
Interface:
1.
The objects(methods, variables etc) inside
interface are by default “public” and only “public” visibility(access modifier)
can be used.
2.
The visibility should not change when the
interface is implemented by any class.
3.
The methods in interface should be abstract
only.
4.
The implementing class should define all the undefined
methods inside the interface.
5.
An interface can extend another interface(one or
many) or a class can implement an interface(one or many).
6.
The variable inside interface are by
default public static and final , so the variable must be assigned a value.
7.
Multiple inheritance is possible in the
interface.
8.
Interface uses “Interface” keyword to declare
the interface.
9.
An interface can not have a constructor
10.
An interface can not create object ,ie, can not
instantiate.
Abstract Class:
1. The
objects(methods, variables etc) inside Abstract Class can be “public”, “private”,
protected” or “default”.
2. The
visibility might change when an abstract class is inherited by another class.
3. The
methods inside abstract class can be abstract or non-abstract.
4. The inheriting(child) class does not need to implement all the abstract
methods of the parent class and if it does not implement all the
abstract methods, then this child class also becomes an abstract class.
5. An abstract class can implement interfaces(one or many) or can extend another class(abstract or non-abstract).
6. The
variable inside an abstract class can be static, non-static, public or
other visibility, final or non-final and does not need the variable
value to be assigned.
7. Multiple inheritance is possible in an abstract class when it implements
multiple interfaces. But a class(abstract or non-abstract) can not
extend multiple classes. So, multiple inheritance will not be possible
if we try to extend more than one class.
8. Abstract
class uses “abstract” keyword to declare the abstract class.
9. An
abstract class can have a constructor.
10. An
abstract class can not create object ,ie, can not instantiate
5.
What is method overloading and method overriding?
Method Overloading:
When a class has more than one methods with
same name but different parameters(either different types of parameters or
different order of parameters), this is called method over loading.
findSales();
findSales(int i);
findSales(int i, String s);
findSales(String s, int i);
findSales(double i);
Method overriding:
When two or more classes having
parent/child relationship, are having method with same name and same
parameterization( or no parameterization), is called method overriding . In such situation, when the method is called, the
child method gets precedence.
Example:
Parent class
public class Employee {
public void methodA()
{
System.out.println("This is method in parent
class.");
}
}
Child class
public class Dept extends Employee {
public void methodA()
{
System.out.println("This is method in child
class.");
}
}
Running above codes:
public class Run {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Dept obj = new Dept();
obj.methodA();
}
}
Output:
This is method in child class.
6.
What is inheritance ?
Inheritance is a process to establish a
parent-child relationship between the classes. In this the child class ( also
called sub class) uses the features(methods, properties) of parent class (also
called super class). The child class uses the word “extends” to use the
features of the parent class. Hence we
can use the code, method of the parent class.
Types of
Inheritance:
Single level
Multilevel
Multiple
Hybrid
Hierarchical
7. How you get a page title in Selenium ?
Driver.getTitle();
Or
To store the title in a variable
String pageTitle = driver.getTitle();
8. What is data driven framework ?
It is a framework in which the data and the
test code will be separate so that change in data will not affect the code and
vice versa.
We keep the data in Excel, CSV, XML, Database etc. And we read the data whenever required by the code from the data sources.
9. What is the difference between the single
forward slash(“/” ) and double forward slash (“//” ) ?
Single
forward slash is for absolute xpath, ie, if single slash is used in the
xpath , than it is called absolute xpath. In this the xpath starts from the
root node. So, the xpath becomes long and complicate. And this xpath will have
more possibility of breaking as it is long and if any of the node changed in
the middle, the xpath does not work.
Double
forward slash is for relative xpath. In this the xpath starts from the
node/point from where an unique xpath is possible. This xpath is short and
there is less possibility of such xpath breaking. So, relative xpath will be
more reliable than absolute xpath.
Example:
Absolute xpath: /html/body/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/form/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/input[@id='email']
Relative xpath: //input[@id='email']
10. What is the difference between
findElement() and findElements() ?
FindElement() will locate/find the first
element on the current page. It returns a single web element.
WebElement
webelement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(""));
findElements() will find all the matching
element on the current page. It returns a list of web elements.
List<WebElement> webelements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(""));
